Bioinformatics is an object of interdisciplinary research, which tries to solve problems from fields like biology, biochemistry or medicine by applying computational techniques for the collection, management, organization and especially for the analysis of biological information. Some of the most important problems in biology are too complex to be solved from first principles or by using traditional methods and algorithms. Machine learning methods, with their possibility to progressively expand in order to meet the requirements of rapidly accumulating biological data and their degree of extensibility regarding data inputs prove to be well suited for challenging biological tasks. The goal of this presentation is to show how various molecular biology problems can be approached with machine learning techniques as well as how this conjointment of domains can lead towards the advancement of biological research and bring further insight into life processes of living organisms.